Energy-Climate-Economy-Population Nexus: An Empirical Analysis in Kenya, Senegal, and Eswatini
Yükleniyor...
Tarih
2020
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
MDPI, ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States
Özet
Motivated by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and its impact by 2030, this study examines the relationship between energy consumption (SDG 7), climate (SDG 13), economic growth and population in Kenya, Senegal and Eswatini. We employ a Kernel Regularized Least Squares (KRLS) machine learning technique and econometric methods such as Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) regression, the Mean-Group (MG) and Pooled Mean-Group (PMG) estimation models. The econometric techniques confirm the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis between income level and CO(2)emissions while the machine learning method confirms the scale effect hypothesis. We find that while CO(2)emissions, population and income level spur energy demand and utilization, economic development is driven by energy use and population dynamics. This demonstrates that income, population growth, energy and CO(2)emissions are inseparable, but require a collective participative decision in the achievement of the SDGs.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
kernel regularized least squares, climate change, Kenya, Senegal, Eswatini, energy-growth-population nexus, panel data, heterogeneity, Kaya identity, CARBON-DIOXIDE EMISSIONS, ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION, GROWTH, INDUSTRIALIZATION, TESTS
Kaynak
SUSTAINABILITY
WoS Q Değeri
Q2
Scopus Q Değeri
Q1
Cilt
12
Sayı
15
