Eski S.S.C.B. Ülkelerinin Ekonomik Özgürlük Endekslerinin SD ve CoCoSo Yöntemleri ile Analizi
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Tarih
2023
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları / Istanbul Gelisim University Press
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States
Özet
Sovyetler Birliği’nde 1989 yılından başlayarak 1990’lı yıllara uzanan, ekonomik ve siyasal anlamda büyük bir değişim olmuştur. Değişim sonucunda bağımsızlığını kazanan birçok ülke siyasal ve yapısal anlamda serbest piyasa ekonomisine geçiş süreciyle karşı karşıya kalmışlardır. Çalışmaya konu olan 14 ülkede geçiş süreci sancılı başlamıştır. Yapısal reformların ekonomik özgürlüklerle desteklenmesi gerekliliği söz konusu ülkelerin süreci faklı yaşamalarına sebep olmuştur. Geçişi erken tamamlayan Baltık ülkeleri ve Doğu Avrupa ülkeleri serbest piyasa ekonomisinde diğerlerine göre süreci daha başarılı yönetmişlerdir. 2020’li yıllara gelindiğinde ekonomik özgürlükler konusunda Güney Kafkas ve Orta Asya ülkelerinin de büyük ilerleme kat etmeleri söz konusu ülkelerin incelenmesinin gerekliliğini ortaya koymuştur. Genel amaç ülkelerin ekonomik anlamda ilerleme kat ederken ekonomik özgürlük kriterlerinde ne düzeyde olduklarını analiz etmektir. On iki ekonomik özgürlük kriteri göz önüne alınarak, en başarılı ülkenin hangisi olduğu analizlerle değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada Heritage Vakfı’nın yayınlamış olduğu raporda ekonomik özgürlük endeksleri 2020 yılı verileri için SD (Standart Sapma) ve CoCoSo (Birleşik Uzlaşma Çözümü) yöntemlerinden oluşan bir ÇKKV (Çok Kriterli Karar Verme) modeli, SSCB (Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyetler Birliği) ’den ayrılan 14 ülkenin endeksinin analizinde kullanılmıştır. SD yöntemi ile kriter ağırlıkları elde edilmiştir. Yöntemin sonucuna göre en önemli kriter Finansal Özgürlük kriteri olarak belirlenmiştir. CoCoSo yöntemi ile ülkeler değerlendirilmiştir. Yöntemin sonucuna göre ekonomik özgürlük endeksi açısından performansı en iyi olan ülke Gürcistan olarak belirlenmiştir.
There has been a great economic and political change in the Soviet Union starting from 1989 and extending to the 1990s. Many countries that gained their independence as a result of the change faced the process of transition to a free market economy in political and structural terms. The transition process in the 14 countries that are the subject of the study has started with pain. The necessity of supporting structural reforms with economic freedoms caused the countries in question to experience the process differently. Baltic countries and Eastern European countries, which completed the transition early, managed the process more successfully than others in the free market economy. When it comes to the 2020s, the South Caucasus and Central Asian countries have made great progress in terms of economic freedoms, revealing the necessity of examining these countries. The general aim is to analyze which level of economic freedom criteria of countries while making progress in economic terms. Considering the twelve economic freedom criteria, which country is the most successful has been evaluated through analysis. In this study, in the report published by the Heritage Foundation, an MCDM (Multi Criteria Decision Making) model consisting of SD (Standard Deviation) and CoCoSo (Combined Compromise Solution) methods for the 2020 data of economic freedom indices was used in the analysis of the index of 14 countries that left the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics). Criteria weights were obtained by the SD method. According to the results of the method, the most important criterion was determined as the Financial Freedom criterion. Countries were evaluated with the CoCoSo method. According to the results of the method, the country with the best performance in terms of economic freedom index was determined as Georgia.
There has been a great economic and political change in the Soviet Union starting from 1989 and extending to the 1990s. Many countries that gained their independence as a result of the change faced the process of transition to a free market economy in political and structural terms. The transition process in the 14 countries that are the subject of the study has started with pain. The necessity of supporting structural reforms with economic freedoms caused the countries in question to experience the process differently. Baltic countries and Eastern European countries, which completed the transition early, managed the process more successfully than others in the free market economy. When it comes to the 2020s, the South Caucasus and Central Asian countries have made great progress in terms of economic freedoms, revealing the necessity of examining these countries. The general aim is to analyze which level of economic freedom criteria of countries while making progress in economic terms. Considering the twelve economic freedom criteria, which country is the most successful has been evaluated through analysis. In this study, in the report published by the Heritage Foundation, an MCDM (Multi Criteria Decision Making) model consisting of SD (Standard Deviation) and CoCoSo (Combined Compromise Solution) methods for the 2020 data of economic freedom indices was used in the analysis of the index of 14 countries that left the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics). Criteria weights were obtained by the SD method. According to the results of the method, the most important criterion was determined as the Financial Freedom criterion. Countries were evaluated with the CoCoSo method. According to the results of the method, the country with the best performance in terms of economic freedom index was determined as Georgia.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ekonomik Özgürlük İndeksi, CoCoSo, SD, ÇKKV, Eski SSCB Ülkeleri, Economic Freedom Index, MCDM, Former USSR Countries
Kaynak
İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
10
Sayı
1
