IJET Vol. 4, Issue 1, March 2018

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https://hdl.handle.net/11363/559

International Journal of Engineering Technologies (IJET) Dergisi / International Journal of Engineering Technologies (IJET)

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International Journal of Engineering Technologies (IJET) Vol. 4, Issue 1, March 2018
(İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları / Istanbul Gelisim University Press, 2018) Bayram, Mustafa
Dear Colleagues, On behalf of the editorial board of International Journal of Engineering Technologies (IJET), I would like to share our happiness to publish the thirteenth issue of IJET. My special thanks are for members of Editorial Board, Publication Board, Editorial Team, Referees, Authors and other technical staff. Please find the thirteenth issue of International Journal of Engineering Technologies at http://ijet.gelisim.edu.tr or http://dergipark.gov.tr/ijet. We invite you to review the Table of Contents by visiting our web site and review articles and items of interest. IJET will continue to publish high level scientific research papers in the field of Engineering Technologies as an international peer-reviewed scientific and academic journal of Istanbul Gelisim University. Thanks for your continuing interest in our work, Professor Mustafa BAYRAM Istanbul Gelisim University mbayram@gelisim.edu.tr http://ijet.gelisim.edu.tr http://dergipark.gov.tr/ijet Printed ISSN: 2149-0104 e-ISSN: 2149-5262
Gear Shift Efforts Analysis and User Interface Software Development
(İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları / Istanbul Gelisim University Press, 2018-03-01) Arslan, Emrah; Sağırlı, Ahmet
Nowadays, with the increasing demand of comfort on passenger cars, many car manufacturer companies focus on manual transmission and external control system. There are many gearshift control mechanisms available such as rod mechanism, hydraulics mechanism and cable mechanism in the current technics that need to be designed resplendently. In the meantime, base manual transmission has a lot of components such as synchronizer, gear cones, friction plates, poppet balls, hubs and rods which affect gear shift comfort. All these main components should be designed and optimized for customer satisfaction. In order to measure gear shift efforts and comfort, Gear Shift Quality Analysis (GSQA) device is developed by Ricardo Company. Using this GSQA device, gear shift force, gear shift integral, free plays, cross gate positions, fore-aft positions, shifter angles are able to be measured objectively. To collect all these attributes data, engineers should spend minimum one day on a selected vehicle. This means loss of work and money for the car manufacturers. The gear shift effort software (GSEA) for a manual transmission and external control mechanism are developed to evaluate/calculate shift and select mechanical ratio, cable strokes, length lever and shift force to provide desirable shifting quality. In addition to software calculation, the vehicle is tested using gear shift quality device. At the end of this study input parameters are discussed in terms of outputs of vehicle shift quality attributes. The results of simulation software are plotted to present easy understanding for the last user.
Determination of Basic Saturation Flow Rate in Istanbul
(İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları / Istanbul Gelisim University Press, 2018-03-01) Dündar, Süleyman; Öğüt, Kemal Selçuk
In traffic signal operations, the saturation flow rate is one of the key parameter for the calculation of signal timing. The saturation flow rate for different type of roads is simply calculated by multipliying the basic saturation flow rate, which is determined for predefined road type and flow condition with side factors. The aim of this study is to calculate the basic saturation flow rate in Istanbul. This calculation is based on the evaluation of vehicles’ headways at signalized intersection. The field study is conducted at 23 signalized intersections having basic conditions and 18,311 vehicle headways are analyzed. The initial calculations in this study are the determination of the saturation flow region, in other word from which vehicle in the queue does the saturation flow start. It is found that the saturated headway starts from second to eighth vehicle while the saturated headway is determined as 1.9 seconds, which is equivalent to 1,894 passenger cars unit per hour as saturation flow rate.
Mechanical Properties of Aluminum–4043/Nickelcoated Silicon Carbide Composites Produced via Stir Casting
(İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları / Istanbul Gelisim University Press, 2018-03-01) Farayibi, Peter Kayode; Akinnuli, Basil Olufemi; Ogu, Sylvester
Aluminum metal matrix composites (Al-MMCs) have become attractive for engineering structural applications due to their excellent properties and are increasingly seen as alternative to the conventional monolithic materials particularly in the automotive, aerospace and defence industries. In this study, Al-4043/Ni-coated SiC composite was developed via stir casting process and the mechanical properties of the composites investigated. The composites were produced with varying SiC reinforcement fraction between 5-25 wt%. The microstructure of the composites was characterized using optical microscope and tensile properties of the composite with the monolithic Al-4043 alloy were assessed using a universal testing machine. The composite hardness was assessed using a Brinell hardness testing machine, energy required to break the composite was assessed using Charpy impact testing machine and the wear rate of the composites were evaluated using a Rubin Disc machine. The composites were characterized to possess Al-SiC eutectic microstructure with SiC solid solution precipitates and SiC particles uniformly distributed in the Al matrix. The density of the composites was found to linearly increase with increasing SiC reinforcement fractions. The tensile strength, yield strength and elastic modulus were found to increase with increasing SiC reinforcement fraction and highest values obtained for composite with 25 wt% SiC were 350 MPa, 254 MPa and 13.4 GPa respectively. However, the elongation of the composite with the highest reinforcement was lowest at a value of 10%. The hardness, compressive strength and impact energy of the composites increased significantly as composite with 25 wt% SiC possessed 76 HB, 184 MPa and 48 J respectively. The wear resistance of the Al-4043/SiC composites with highest SiC reinforcement was found to be eleven times that of the monolithic Al-4043 alloy.
Mechanical Properties of Steel Fiber Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete
(İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları / Istanbul Gelisim University Press, 2018-03-01) Niş, Anıl
In this study, steel fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete (SFR-SCC) specimens were examined by considering the effects of different parameters on the material performance and to promote the use of fiber materials in building industry. Use of steel fibers in SCC is still limited due to lack of required codes and standards in this field. More research is required to understand the effects of steel fibers on mechanical properties of the concrete. For this purpose 5 mixes; control and reinforced with 2 different fiber volumes and two different fiber types; were produced. Compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and 3-point notched bending tests were carried out on these specimens for thoroughly evaluating mechanical performance of steel fiber reinforced self-compacting concretes.
Mucuna Pruriens as Photo-Sensitizer in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell
(İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları / Istanbul Gelisim University Press, 2018-03-01) Odeyemi, Charity Segun; Awodugba, Ayodeji Oladiran
In dye sensitized solar (DSSC), the dye sensitizer plays important role in absorbing sunlight and transporting electrons into the conduction band of the semiconductor thus converting the solar energy into electric energy by photovoltaic effect. This study focus on the investigation made on the leaves and stem of Mucuna Pruriens extract as photosensitizers for dye sensitizer solar cell (DSSC). The DSSC was based on titanium dioxide nanopowder as the photoanode semiconductor material and potassium iodide solution as electrolyte. The pigment was extracted from dry leaves and stem of Mucuna Pruriens in water, ethanol and acetone. The photo absorption spectral of Mucuna Pruriens was investigated in cold and hot extraction media. Dye sensitized solar cell was fabricated using Michael Gratzel method. The cell was connected to a variable external load and exposed to illumination at 100mW/m2. As the load is varied, the short circuit current Isc and the corresponding open circuit voltage Voc were observed. An IV characteristics was plotted and the fill factor and efficiency were computed as 0.8 and 0.37% for Mucuna pruriens extracted in water, 0.88 and 1.16% for Mucuna pruriens extracted in ethanol, 0.93 and 2.08% for Mucuna pruriens extracted in acetone respectively. The pigment extracted in cold acetone has the best light absorption and efficiency. This study shows that Mucuna Pruriens has prospect as sensitizer in DSSC.
Optimum Design of Braced Steel Space Frames Using Teaching Learning Based Optimization
(İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları / Istanbul Gelisim University Press, 2018-03-01) Daloğlu, Ayşe; Artar, Musa; Özgan, Korhan; Karakaş, Ali İ.
In this study, optimum design of braced steel space frames is obtained via a novel metaheuristic method, teaching learning based optimization. This algorithm method consists of the two basic phases. The first phase is called as teaching; In this phase, the knowledge interaction occurs between students and teacher. In the second phase, learning phase, the knowledge interaction occurs among students in the class. Optimum profiles are selected among 128 W taken from American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC). The constraints imposed on the frame example are stress constraints as stated in AISC-ASD specifications, geometric constraints and displacement constraints. To obtain optimum solutions, a program is coded in MATLAB programming to incorporate with SAP2000 - Open Application Programming Interface (OAPI). The results are compared through tables and figures. The results indicate that teaching learning based optimization method and MATLAB SAP2000 OAPI technique are applicable even for complex problems and present practical solutions.
Damage Detection on Steel Plane Trusses via Harmony Search Algorithm
(İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları / Istanbul Gelisim University Press, 2018-03-01) Artar, Musa; Çatar, Recep; Daloğlu, Ayse
A damage detection study is presented on steel plane truss structures via harmony search algorithm which is one of the basic metaheuristic methods. This algorithm method mimics better musical harmony procedures. Optimum solutions are carried out by a harmony memory matrix consisting of a predetermined number of solution vectors. Scenario damages are considered on truss models. The locations of the damages are tried to determine by using the dynamic parameters. To obtain damage locations, a program based on the finite element method is coded in MATLAB programming. The dynamic parameters of damaged models are obtained by SAP2000 software. By using MATLAB programming, the scenario damage locations considered in SAP2000 programs are tried to determine by approaching the dynamic values of the damaged model as a result of a series of iterations. The results are presented by tables and figures. The results show that scenario damages on truss models are successfully detected by using dynamic parameters in MATLAB programming.
Location and Multi-Compartment Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem for Blood Banking System
(İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları / Istanbul Gelisim University Press, 2018-03-01) Göçmen, Elifcan; Erol, Rızvan
Blood banking is important for the healthcare system and blood products are vital needed for medical treatment, surgeries, and organ transplants. Delivery time becomes vital when a hospital needs a blood product emergently. Therefore, delivering blood products in the safest and fastest way is the main responsibility of blood banks. In this study, we aim to minimize total delivery times between depots and demand points over a time period. We propose a two-stage mathematical model to determine both location and vehicle delivery routes. This problem is defined as Location and Routing problem for blood bank operations. This study also investigates the effect of distributing blood products among multi-compartment along with routing decisions. The proposed models are tested on a real-world case data in order to demonstrate their effectiveness in producing optimal solutions. By the results the approach can minimize both delivery time and total cost. Furthermore, a computer program with a graphical user interface is developed to implement the proposed approach for different data sets.

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