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    Design of Used PET Bottles Crushing Machine for Small Scale Industrial Applications
    (İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları / Istanbul Gelisim University Press, 2017-09-26) Ikpe, Aniekan E.; Ikechukwu, Owunna
    In this study, PET bottles crushing machine was designed to convert used PET bottles into shreds readily available for recycling. Preliminary tests and mechanical factors were extensively evaluated on the conceptual designs to ensure that the concept with optimal performance and efficiency is selected. Experimental test was conducted to determine the power required to overcome the shear stress of the PET bottles and it was found out that 10hp was the power required. With a set of crushing forces ranging from 1000-3000N, Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was performed for five different scenarios on the 201 Annealed Stainless Steel cutting blade to inspect the material response to stresses and corresponding deformations. The maximum von Mises stress was 2.089e+006N/m^2. The material yield strength was found to be 2.92e+008 N/m^2, and applying a force of 3000N on the cutting blade produced a maximum displacement of 2.220e-003 mm. This therefore imply that the material will not deform or fail under a force equal to or below the material yield strength value. Tests carried out on the final machine design indicated efficiency of 82.2% which is only 6% less than the efficiency of existing ones.
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    Effects of Arc Voltage and Welding Current on the Arc Length of Tungsten Inert Gas Welding (TIG)
    (İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları / Istanbul Gelisim University Press, 2017-12-13) Ikpe, Aniekan E.; Ikechukwu, Owunna; Ikpe, Ememobong
    The effects of welding current and arc voltage on arc length was investigated. Mild steel plates of 10mm thickness and 50mm x 100mm diameter were joined together through Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding process for four (4) different intervals and the welding arc lengths were measured consecutively. The measured arc length for each welding interval increased from 1.19mm, 1.93mm, 2.54mm and 3.12mm as the current increased from 50A, 100A, 150A to 190A while the voltage also maintained the same increasing trend from 200V, 240V, 280V to 320V. The minimum arc length values measured for each welding interval with the aforementioned current and voltage range also maintained an increasing trend, and that led to the conclusion that the higher the welding current and arc voltage, the longer and wider the arc length which is an influential factor to other welding attributes.
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    Finite Element Analysis of Tungsten Inert Gas Welding Temperatures on the Stress Profiles of AIS1 1020 Low Carbon Steel Plate
    (İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları / Istanbul Gelisim University Press, 2019-6-30) Ikechukwu, Owunna; Aniekan E., Ikpe
    For better understanding of the residual stress fields associated with Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding, thermal analysis was carried out using Solid Works 2017 version and ESI Visual-Environment 2016 version to compute the transient temperature profile due to welding thermal loading and resulting stress field in three categories namely; von-mises stress, axial stress and thermal stress. A range of welding temperatures including 1746oC, 1912oC, 2100oC, 2410oC and 2800oC were experimentally applied in the joining process of AISI 1020 low carbon steel plate of 10 mm thickness and a strain gauge indicator was used to measure the thermal stresses induced in the steel plate which the average was recorded as 38,200MPa. The experimental parameters and conditions were applied in finite element simulation of the same plate dimension, and average vonmises stress of 37,508 MPa, average axial stress of 30,732 MPa and average thermal stress of 20,101 MPa was obtained. However, it was observed that the higher the welding temperature, the higher the stresses induced in the welding material. Hence, temperature for TIG welding process should be regulated at its optimum to avoid fatigue acceleration, stress propagation, early crack nucleation and possible fracture on the welded component which may limit the longevity and performance of such component in its service condition.