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    A clogging resistant secure authentication scheme for fog computing services
    (ELSEVIER, RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS, 2021) Ali, Zeeshan; Chaudhry, Shehzad Ashraf; Mahmood, Khalid; Garg, Sahil; Lv, Zhihan; Bin Zikria, Yousaf
    Fog computing (FC) is an infrastructure consisting of decentralized computing, where computing resources such as storage, applications, and data are scattered among the cloud and data source. Fog computing inherits similar privacy and security concerns present in cloud computing, such as authentication and key management issues. Recently, Wazid et al. presented a scheme of authentication key exchange for fog computing called SAKA-FC to address these issues. We analyzed and identified that the SAKA-FC suffers from some severe vulnerabilities. Furthermore, we presented an improved scheme to mitigate these problems while retaining its strengths. The formal security analysis of the proposed scheme is validated through BAN logic. At the same time, the AVISPA tool is employed for automated formal security verification. Informal security analysis is conducted to attest that the proposal can confront the known attacks. Using computation and communication costs as the metrics, the proposed scheme is also compared with some state-of-the-art schemes. The proposed scheme achieves the same communication cost as of SAKA-FC, whereas the difference in computation cost is 24%. This increase in computation cost is justifiable as the proposal is resistant to clogging attacks and provides better security than the prior schemes.
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    LAS-SG: An Elliptic Curve-Based Lightweight Authentication Scheme for Smart Grid Environments
    (IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141, 2023) Chaudhry, Shehzad Ashraf; Yahya, Khalid O. Moh.; Garg, Sahil; Kaddoum, Georges; Hassan, Mohammad Mehedi; Zikria, Yousaf Bin
    The communication among smart meters (SMs) and neighborhood area network (NAN) gateways is a fundamental requisite for managing the energy consumption at the consumer site. The bidirectional communication among SMs and NANs over the insecure public channel is vulnerable to impersonation, SM traceability, and SM physical capturing attacks. Many existing schemes’ insecurities and/or inefficiencies call for an efficient and secure authentication scheme for smart grid infrastructure. In this article, we present a privacy preserving and lightweight authentication scheme for smart grid (LAS-SG) using elliptic curve cryptography. The proposed LAS-SG is proved as secure under the standard model. Moreover, the efficiency of the LAS-SG is extracted through a real-time experiment, which attests that proposed LAS-SG completes a round of authentication in 20.331 ms by exchanging only two messages and 192 B. Due to the adequate efficiency and ample security, the proposed LAS-SG is more appropriate for SG environments.