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Öğe Crisis management and the impact of pandemics on religious tourism(Dublin Institute of Technology, 2020) Mosier, William; Elhadary, Tariq; Elhaty, Ismail A.; Safaei, MehdiThe spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has caused a worldwide shockwave of fear and much misinformation leaving chaos in its wake. Holy shrines and other religious sites have a special place in the hearts and minds of many people. For example, the mosques in Makkah and Medina, Saudi Arabia typically accommodate over one hundred thousand Muslims daily. Due to the spread of COVID-19, both mosques were forced to shut their doors to pilgrims for health and safety reasons. This situation has saddened millions of Muslims all over the globe. The same situation applies to Qom City in Iran, Bethlehem on the West Bank, and the Vatican City. Precautionary actions have caused religious shrines to remain closed until further notice. The methodology used in this study is descriptive and multi-disciplinary. In this paper, the issue of COVID-19 is addressed from the perspective of medical science, chemistry, management science, economics, and religious sociology. This paper sheds light on the history of the virus, its effect on the global economy and crisis-management measures involving sacred places. The paper investigates how faith can expedite the recovery strategies of religious tourism, and consequently the tourism sector will follow suit. The paper elaborates on the potential impact of the pandemic on the future of religious tourism and how the psychological impact of closing Holy Shrines to pilgrims can be a strong driving force for a speedy recovery once the pandemic trickles off. © International Journal of Religious Tourism and PilgrimageÖğe TEACHING CHEMISTRY IN ENGLISH IN TURKISH UNIVERSITIES: CHALLENGES AND OBSTACLES(Natl Technical Univ Ukraine Kyiv Polytechnic Inst, Fac Linguistics, 2023) Elhadary, Tariq; Elhaty, Ismail A.No matter if they are in high school or college, Turkish students have particular challenges when trying to understand chemistry lectures delivered in English. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the difficulties Turkish students have when studying chemistry in English. A survey was administered to Turkish students at a Turkish University, nutrition and dietetics major in order to obtain relevant information. The results showed that 24.6% of students have difficulties learning chemistry in English, and 52.3% of the students are reluctant to give presentations in the chemistry class due to their lack of confidence in the English language. The results showed that the areas of weakness in the English language were conversational skills (78.5%), grammar (75.4%), vocabulary (75.4%), listening (72.2%), and reading (38.5%). Therefore, a considerable percentage of these students (48.6%) take their lecture notes in Turkish, and an overwhelming majority of them (46.2%) think that adding English terminology to textbooks alongside Turkish would help the problem. According to the research, it is possible to increase students' English skills and therefore their understanding of chemistry by employing various teaching strategies. To address communication hurdles in chemistry classes, the study heavily draws on both the Communicative and Natural Approaches.