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Öğe The Administration of Steroids and its Impact on Caspase-3 Expression in Pediatric Adenoid Hypertrophy(Springer India, 2024) Apaydin, Emre; Yasar, Buse; Simsek, Gulcin; Kaygin, Pinar; Sarialtin, Sezen Yilmaz; Dirican, Onur; Cetin, Hazal EylemObjectiveAdenoid hypertrophy is a prevalent pediatric condition, often necessitating surgical intervention. Intranasal steroid administration shows promise as a conservative treatment, particularly by inducing apoptosis in adenoidal cells, leading to a reduction in adenoid size and inflammation. This study aims to characterize the expression profile of caspase-3 as an apoptotic inducer protein in inflammatory and epithelial adenoid tissues and explore its association with steroid administration. MethodsWe performed immunohistochemical staining for caspase-3 proteins in adenoid tissues obtained from 51 pediatric patients aged between 2.5 and 12 years (mean age: 6.09 +/- 2.1 years) who underwent adenoid surgery. A retrospective analysis of clinical data was conducted, categorizing participants into steroid treatment receivers (n = 25) and non-receivers (n = 26). Subsequently, the lymphoid inflammatory tissue and epithelial tissue from the adenoid were compared in terms of caspase-3 protein expression, and associated clinical variables were assessed. ResultsImmunohistochemical analysis revealed significant caspase-3 expression in inflammatory tissues. The expression levels were scored, and no significant correlation was observed between inflammation and epithelium based on caspase-3 expression (correlation coefficient = 0.143; p > 0.05). Furthermore, demographic and clinical characteristics did not show a statistically significant difference in caspase-3 expression levels. ConclusionCaspase-3 expression was significant in inflammatory adenoid tissue, but it showed no association with nasal steroid administration.Öğe Describing the Expression Profiles of Glutathione S-Transferase Mu and Tumor Protein 53 in Brain Tumor Tissue(Erciyes Univ Sch Medicine, 2024) Dirican, Onur; Kaygin, Pinar; Lti, Sezen Yilmaz Saria; Yilmaz, Can; Simsek, Gulcin; Oguztuzun, Serpil; Coban, TuelayObjective: This study aims to explore the expression profiles of the glutathione S-transferaseMu (GST-M) isozyme and tumor protein 53 (p53) in both healthy and tumorous brain tissues. The findings are compared with clinical features and lifestyle factors to identify potential associations or correlations. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 149 patients diagnosed with primary or metastatic intracranial tumors. The expression levels of GST-M and p53 proteins were assessed in healthy and tumorous brain tissues using immunohistochemical staining. We also evaluated the associated clinical features and lifestyle factors. Results: There was a significant difference in the expression levels of GST-M between tumorous and healthy brain tissues, with tumor tissues showing higher expression (p<0.0001). Conversely, robust p53 expression was absent in both normal (97.3%) and tumor (78.5%) tissues. Nevertheless, a significantly higher prevalence of samples with p53 expression was found in the tumor group (p<0.0001). No associations were found between expression levels and clinical features or lifestyle risk factors. Furthermore, GST-M and p53 expression did not impact postoperative survival rates. Conclusion: The findings indicate an elevated expression of GST-M in brain tumor tissues, suggesting a potential role for GST-M in brain tumorigenesis.Öğe Development of an Ultra-Sensitive Magnetic-Based Biosensor; a Simulation Study(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Yahya, Khalid; Husseini, Abbas Ali; Dirican, Onur; Attar, Hani; Aldababsa, Mahmoud; Hafez, MohamedThis study presents an advanced magnetic biosensor design incorporating an L-shaped ferromagnetic core with UL dimensions and an air gap replaced by highly porous aluminum or copper foam later-filled biological samples containing high-permeability ferromagnetic nanoparticles. The sensor detects specific biological molecules through magnetic field interactions. The system's electrical parameters were methodically optimized for enhanced performance. The research investigated the impact of various materials on the air gap's magnetic properties and assessed the relationships between permeability, output-induced voltage, input voltage, and input frequency. Findings indicate that using materials with higher magnetic permeability, such as Magnetite (Fe304) or Cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) ferrofluids, considerably improved the biosensor's performance by optimizing magnetic coupling between primary and secondary windings. This innovative magnetic biosensor holds potential for diverse applications, including medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and industrial process control. The study offers valuable insights into magnetic biosensor design and optimization, facilitating heightened sensitivity and selectivity in detecting target molecules. © 2023 IEEE.Öğe GSTM1, GSTP1, p53 as some probable predictors of prognosis in primary and metastatic epithelial ovarian cancer(Prusa Medikal Yayıncılık Limited Şirketi, 2023) Özer, Gizem; Kaygın, Pınar; Dirican, Onur; Oğuztüzün, Serpil; Yılmaz Sarıaltın, Sezen; Şimşek, Gülçin Güler; Erdem, Ayşegül; Kılıç, Murat; Çoban, TülayObjectives: Ovarian carcinomas are responsible for the death of more women than all other gynecologic malignancies in the Western world. Ovarian carcinomas are detected in an advanced stage of the disease in approximately 80% of the patients. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are an important family involved in the detoxification of several xenobiotics. Thus, this mechanism protects tissues from the harmful effects of oxidative stress and chemical-induced damages. The expression of them may contribute to the characteristics of ovarian carcinoma as they can metabolise both exogenous and endogenous compounds, which are implicated in the development of ovarian cancer. Therefore, our aim was to determine the expressions of GST Mu 1 (GSTM1), GST Pi 1 (GSTP1), and also p53, which is a tumor suppressor gene, in benign and malign ovarian tumors and metastasis tissues. Methods: A total of the 99 patients with ovarian tumor enrolled in the study. Thirty-one of the tissues was benign tumor, 17 was malign tumor and 51 was metastasis. The immunohistochemical GSTM1, GSTP1, and p53 staining characteristics of these tissues were investigated. Results: The highest GSTM1, GSTP1, and p53 expression was noted in the malignant group followed by the metastasis group. GSTP1 expression was significantly higher in malignant tissues than benign ones (p = 0.015). No statistically significant difference was observed in the level of GSTM1 expression between groups (p = 0.524). p53 expression was significantly higher in the metastasis and malignant tissues than the benign ones (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The higher expressions of GSTP1 and p53 in malignant and metastasis tissues than benign ones indicate that these expressions could be important biomarkers in ovarian cancer development and progression. Further studies with more cases are required to confirm the results of our present study.Öğe Immunohistochemical approach to obesity disease in terms of expression levels of glutathione s-transferase (sigma, zeta, theta) isozymes(Prusa Medikal Yayıncılık Limited Şirketi, 2023) Davudov, Mahammad; Buluş, Hakan; Dirican, Onur; Kaygın, Pınar; Şimşek, Gülçin Güler; Yılmaz Sarıaltın, Sezen; Gürbüz, Fatıma Nurdan; Oğuztüzün, SerpilObjectives: Obesity is a complex multifactorial disease with recently increasing prevalence and incidence. Several studies have been conducted to explain the ethiology, pathophysiology, epidemiology, molecular and genetic mechanisms, and effective treatments of obesity. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) S1, GSTZ1, and GSTT1 are essential enzymes for oxidative stress and metabolism-related disorders. For this purpose, we aimed to reveal the role of GSTS1, GSTZ1, and GSTT1 in obesity. Methods: The gastric tissue samples were taken from the patients diagnosed with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery in Ankara Keçiören Training and Research Hospital General Surgery Clinic between 2017 and 2019. Immunostaining was performed on paraffin-embedded tissues to evaluate GSTS1, GSTZ1, and GSTT1 expressions. Laboratory data of the patients were recorded. All the results were analyzed statistically. Results: Weak GSTS1 expression was observed in 38.1% of tissues and moderate in 6.3%. 37.3% of the tissues presented weak GSTZ1 expression, and 11 (8.7%) displayed moderate. There were weak GSTT1 expressions in 7.1% of the tissues and moderate 0.8% of them. A positive and statistically significant correlation was observed between GSTS1 and GSTT1 expression levels ((r) = 0.028, p = 0.010; p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between expression levels and gender, age, comorbidities, and medication usage (p > 0.05). Conclusions: GSTs, in particular GSTS1, GSTT1, and GSTZ1, might contribute to molecular mechanisms and the progression of obesity. In our study, GSTS1, GSTT1, and GSTZ1 were found to be moderately expressed in gastric tissues taken from obese patients. However, new studies using more samples and advanced techniques are needed to elucidate the relationship.Öğe Investigation of Glutathione S-Transferase-Alpha and Glutathione S-Transferase-Pi Expression Levels in Spermophilus xanthoprymnus and Meriones tristrami in Terms of Living Conditions and Natural Habitat Differences in Kırıkkale Province(Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi, 2023) Pamukoğlu, Nahit; Oğuztütün, Serpil; Dirican, Onur; Yılmaz Sarıaltın, SezenGlutathione S-transferase (GST) is a multifunctional enzyme that provides homeostasis by catalyzing the first step in the formation of the end product mercapturic acid in the detoxification metabolic pathway. Being found in mammals, insects, fish, birds, annelids, molluscs, and many microorganisms, GST takes part the elimination of toxic substances taken into body by consuming food, and their transport by binding non-substrate ligands (e.g. heme and bilirubin) with GSH. In addition, it can prevent reactive electrophilic compounds from harming the body by covalent bonding similar compounds to each other. These xenobiotic acceptors affected by GST include nitrogen halogen compounds, organophosphates, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Xenobiotics are oxygenated by this enzyme system, the next mechanism of oxygenated products is more oxygenation, and these products become more easily soluble in water. In this study, Glutathione S-Transferase was detected in the liver tissue of Spermophilus xanthoprymnus and Meriones tristrami and its characteristic features were determined. For this purpose, the animals were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital and their liver tissues were harvested. After necessary preparations were completed, the samples were analyzed by using immunohistochemical staining method and the expressions of GST isozymes were determined. As a result, glutathione s-transferase-alpha and glutathione s-transferase-pi expression levels were found to differ in Spermophilus xanthoprymnus and Meriones tristrami samples obtained from different localities of Kırıkkale province. Differences in GST enzyme expression in these species indicate that both species differ in their detoxification capacity and response to xenobiotics.Öğe Sonographic cortical bone thickness measurement: can it predict bone mineral density in the pediatric population?(Turkish Soc Radiology, 2024) Isin, Ugur Ufuk; Cakmakci, Emin; Bulus, Ayse Derya; Yasartekin, Yuksel; Unal, Oznur; Dirican, Onur; Husseini, Abbas AliPURPOSE To explore sonographic cortical bone thickness (CoT) as a potential indicator of bone mineral density (BMD) measured by dual -energy X-ray absorptiometry for screening and diagnosing pediatric osteoporosis. METHODS A prospective study included 41 osteopenic or osteoporotic patients and 52 healthy children. Radius cortical thickness (R-CoT), tibial cortical thickness (T-CoT), and second metatarsal cortical thickness (M-CoT) were measured by B -mode ultrasound; CoT values were compared between groups and the correlation between BMD and CoT was examined. RESULTS There were no significant differences in R-CoT ( P = 0.433), T-CoT ( P = 0.057), and M-CoT ( P = 0.978) values between the patient and control groups. No significant correlations were found between BMD T -scores and R-CoT (r = -0.073, P = 0.490), T-CoT (r = -0.154, P = 0.141), and M-CoT (r = 0.047, P = 0.657) values. CONCLUSION Sonographic CoT values in children do not correlate with BMD values. Unlike in adults, sonographic CoT measurements do not appear to have a role in assessing BMD in the pediatric population.Öğe Unveiling the etiological impact of GST-M1, GST-T1, and P53 genotypic variations on brain carcinogenesis(SPRINGERVAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS, 2024) Dirican, Onur; Kaygın, Pınar; Oğuztüzün, Serpil; Husseini, Abbas Ali; Yılmaz Sarıaltın, Sezen; Yılmaz, Can; Ünlü, Nihan; İzci, YusufBackground Functional variants of glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-M1, GST-T1, p53 might modulate brain cancer risk by altering the rate of metabolism and clearance of carcinogens from the brain tissue. In this study, the role of GST-M1, GSTT1, p53 polymorphisms on brain tumor was investigated. Methods and results Brain tumor tissues of 143 patients were obtained from the Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery between 2019 and 2020. In the xenobiotic mechanism, the null allele frequency in the GST-T1, GST-M1 gene regions of Phase II enzymes by qPCR method were investigated. Single nucleotide polymorphism encoding Arg/Pro conversion in the p53 gene region was analyzed in 120 cases by sequence analysis method. The data were analyzed statistically with patient’s demographic and clinical data. GST-M1, GST-T1, p53 genotypes of the patient group were determined. The most frequent genotype was null genotype (0/0) for GST-M1 (?2=39.756, p<0.001). GST-M1 genotype frequencies were 30.8%, 23.1%, 44.3% for 1/1, 1/0, 0/0, respectively. The most frequent genotype was GST-T1 1/1 following by GST-T1 1/0 (?2=0.335, p=0.846). GST-T1 genotype frequencies were 64.3%, 30.8%, 4.9% for 1/1, 1/0, 0/0, respectively. GST-M1 null genotype might be associated with the development of brain tumors. Genotype distribution obtained in p53 exon 4 codon 72; Arg/Arg was determined as 31 (25.8%), Arg/Pro 70 (58.3%), and Pro/Pro 19 (15.8%) in the case group, while there were 18 (38.3%), 23 (48.9%), and 6 (12.8%) respectively in the control group. However, the genotype distribution of p53 exon 4 codon 72 among tumorous tissue did not significantly vary from healthy control tissues (?²=2.536, p=0.281). Conclusion The null allele frequency encountered in the GST-M1, GST-T1 gene regions is consistent with the rates in the gene pool called Caucasian in the literature. GST-M1 gene polymorphism may play a crucial role in brain carcinogenesis in Turkish patients. This study based on clinical data is thought to help to understand the important epidemiological features of brain tumors.
