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Öğe Carbon dioxide-assisted Torrefaction of Maize Cobs by Thermogravimetry: Product Yield and Energy Recovery Potentials(VASYL STEFANYK PRECARPATHIAN NATL UNIV, VUL SHEVCHENKA 57, IVANO-FRANKIVSK 76018, UKRAINE, 2022) Nyakuma, Bemgba Bevan; Ajibade, Samuel-Soma M.; Adebayo, Victor B.; Alkali, Habib; Otitolaiye, Victor Olabode; Audu, Jemilatu Omuwa; Bashir, Faizah Mohammed; Dodo, Yakubu Aminu; Mahmoud, Abubakar Sadiq; Oladokun, OlagokeThe objective of this study is to examine the potential product yields and energy recovery of maize cobs (MC) through carbon dioxide-assisted torrefaction using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The CO2-assisted torrefaction of MC was performed from 240 °C to 300 °C (? 30 °C) for the residence time of 30 minutes based on the selected non-isothermal/isothermal heating programme of the TGA. Furthermore, the physicochemical, microstructure and mineral characteristics of MC were examined. The results showed that the CO2-torrefaction of MC resulted in mass loss (ML) ranging from 18.45% to 55.17%, which resulted in the mass yield (MY) ranging from 81.55% to 44.83%. The HHV of the solid product was in the range from 22.55 MJ/kg to 26 MJ/kg, which indicates the CO2-torrefaction process enhanced the energy content of MC by 40% – 60%. In conclusion, the findings showed that the CO2 torrefaction is a practical, sustainable, and cost-effective approach for the valorisation of MC into a clean solid biofuel for enhanced energy recovery.Öğe The influence of information and communication technology (ICT) on stakeholders' involvement and smart urban sustainability(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Agboola, Oluwagbemiga Paul; Bashir, Faizah Mohammed; Dodo, Yakubu Aminu; Mohamed, Mohamed Ahmed Said; Alsadun, Ibtihaj Saad RashedIt is impossible to overstate the role that smart cities and the building resilience strategy play in the movement toward environmental sustainability, particularly in industrialized and developing nations. There has been a rise in the use of efficient systems to enhance built environment control and accomplish infrastructure development projects, and for this to be successful, countries around the globe, including Nigeria, need robust smart cities and buildings. Few researchers have looked at how smart cities and building projects might improve the sustainability practices of Nigeria's built environment in the context of environmental issues. The major research aim of this study is to investigate the role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in advancing urban sustainability in the context of Lagos, Nigeria, amidst the city's rapid population growth and the implementation of smart city projects. The study's research questions include the following: First, How can information and communication technology (ICT) be leveraged to support the development of urban sustainability? Secondly, what is the impact of ICT on stakeholders' involvement and participation in urban sustainability? Thirdly, how can stakeholders' involvement and participation impact urban sustainability? Structural equation modeling using partial least squares (SmartPLS 3.0 Edition) as an analysis tool was used to assess the suggested model and the empirical study results in support of all the hypothesized associations. Results revealed that Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is positively associated with smart urban sustainability. Also, a positive and significant influence of ICT on consolidating stakeholder involvement and participation is paramount. Lastly, smart city and building initiatives have the potential to significantly improve urban sustainability. The implication of the study enables the possibility to optimize the impact of an ICT-based urban environment, thereby creating sustainable and resilient communities that meet the needs and priorities of all members of society. © 2023 The Author(s)Öğe Novel vision-based thermal people counting tool for tracking infected people with viruses like covid-19(Institute of Advanced Scientific Research, Inc., 2020) Said, Mohamed Ahmed; Samuel, Moveh; El-Nafaty, Abbas Sa'id; Noaime, Emad; Shannan, Nahla Mohamed; Bashir, Faizah Mohammed; Dano, Umar Lawal--People counting applications have been used in diverse applications. The ability and accuracy of thermal imaging over conventional image cameras has led to the implementation of thermal cameras in people counting/tracking applications. This paper presenÖğe Park visitation in the context of Khartoum town(INST ADVANCED SCIENCE EXTENSION, PO BOX 23-31, TAIPEI 00000, TAIWAN, 2021) Ibrahim, Ahmed Osman; Said, Mohamed Ahmed; Dodo, Yakubu Aminu; Bashir, Faizah Mohammed; Dano, Umar LawalParks improve people's physical and mental well-being, strengthen communities, and make towns and neighborhoods more appealing places to live and work. Many reasons discourage frequent park visitations, such as poor park characteristics, poor management system, and the lack of programs to encourage park visitation. Participation in different outdoor activities has become a necessity for many people nowadays. However, many residents are not engaged in recreational activities in Khartoum, making parks an important element. Therefore, the study aimed at investigating parks characteristics and different patterns of users based on societal needs. The study concentrates on the residents' characteristics such as age, gender, income, education level; these characteristics are tested against park visitation patterns such as type of visitation, the best day for visitation, and visit frequency. A two hundred and fifty (250) participant questionnaire survey was carried out in Al Tifl Park to assess the park's visitation pattern based on the purposive sampling technique. The result shows that most of the visitation patterns were not frequent regardless of the visitors' characteristics. It proves that the visitation pattern was not based on the visitors' characteristics but rather on the park characteristics. The study recommends that the park's features be redesigned based on user affinity to improve visitation, visitor benefits, and income generation.Öğe Thermogravimetric Study of Maize Cob Carbonization for Bioenergy Recovery: Product Yield Estimation and Bio-Energy Potentials(Slovnaft VURUP a.s, 2021) Otitolaiye, Victor Olabode; Ojomoh, Victor Kayode; Mahmoud, Abubakar Sadiq; Bashir, Faizah Mohammed; Audu, Jemilatu Omuwa; Dodo, Yakubu AminuThe study investigated the bulk fuel, microstructure, morphological, mineral, and functional group characteristics of maize cobs (MC) along with carbonization through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for potential energy recovery. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study on the micro-scale analysis of the fuel properties and bioenergy recovery potential of MC in the scientific literature. The results showed that MC contains high carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, volatile matter and fixed carbon but low moisture, and ash contents. The functional group (FTIR) analysis revealed MC contains alcohol, ester, and carbonyl functional groups in its chemical structure, which could be attributed to the lignocellulose components of biomass. The analysis of MC microstructure and morphology showed a rough yet compact surface comprising fibres. The TGA carbonisation process revealed MC experienced significant mass loss (ML) ranging from 73–76%, whereas the residual mass or mass yield (RM or MY) was from 23.6–27.2% with increasing carbonisation temperatures from 450–650°C. Furthermore, the findings indicated that the optimal temperature for carbonization of MC is 550°C, based on the conditions examined in this study. The HHV of the solid MY ranged from 26.66 – 26.99 MJ/kg, whereas the energy yield (DE) was 95.42 – 95.63%, and energy density (DE) 3.52 – 4.04. The findings indicate that while the HHV and EY increased, the MY and EY decreased with increasing carbonisation temperatures. In general, the study demonstrated that MC is a potentially suitable raw material or biomass feedstock for the sustainable recovery of bioenergy through carbonization. © 2021. All Rights Reserved.Öğe Visual pollution manifestations negative impacts on the people of Saudi Arabia(INST ADVANCED SCIENCE EXTENSION, PO BOX 23-31, TAIPEI 00000, TAIWAN, 2021) Mohamed, Mohamed Ahmed Said; Ibrahim, Ahmed Osman; Dodo, Yakubu Aminu; Bashir, Faizah MohammedVisual pollution takes many forms, but it shares its essence with regard to its relationship to confusion in the brain's processing of inconsistent visual inputs, which negatively affects the individual's health in general, and in particular his mental and psychological health. This research is shedding light on the benefits and significance of physiological health positive impacts aspects of visual pollutions. It also highlights the problems associated with Visual prolusion and suggested the way and significance of removal and getting rid of it. Negative visual views are surveyed and documented by displaying some pictures reflecting the current view of the visual pollution. It also displays the directives and plans of the ministry of municipal and rural Affairs to remove and get rid of visual pollution in the kingdom. The paper suggested that policies should be created, rules should be activated and different media should be encouraged to aware people of the importance of the removal of Visual pollutions and its hazardous on people's health as well as the general view of the environment.
