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Öğe Effects of Goat Manure, Biochar, and NPK Applications on Growth and Nutrient Concentrations of Lettuce(Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi, 2023) Mounirou, Moustapha Maman; Kaya, Emre Can; Taşkın, Mehmet Burak; İnal, Ali; Abdoul-Azize, Hamidou TaffaDuring the last decades, biochar (BC) gained increasing importance amongst scholars. Though, only a few studies explored the effects of the combined application of BC with manure on plant growth and nutrient concentrations. This study investigates the effects of separate and joint applications of goat manure (GM) and its derived BC on the growth and mineral element concentrations in lettuce. A completely random design was used in the field experiment. Two factors consisted of GM, BC at 5 Mg ha-1 and 10 Mg ha-1 combined with inorganic fertilizers [nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK)] at 100%, 50%, and 0% were applied to the soil before planting the lettuce and, ANOVA analysis and Duncan test (at ?=5%) were conducted. The results showed that a joint application of inorganic and organic fertilizers affects significantly the yield and yield parameters of the lettuce whilst the separate application of organic fertilizer affects significantly the lettuce content in N, P, K, Ca and Mg. Compared to GM, the application of GM-derived BC increases significantly the lettuce content in Zn and decreases its content in Cu. In addition, the highest total yield of lettuce was obtained with a joint combination of GM, BC, and 100% NPK (100 kg N ha-1, 100 kg P2 O5 ha-1 and 100 kg K2 O ha-1). Consequently, this combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers is favorable fertilization in producing lettuce.Öğe Factors Affecting the Development of Small Medium Enterprises in the Niger Republic: An Exploratory Study(2022) Abdoul-Azize, Hamidou TaffaThe Republic of Niger has recently witnessed growth in young entrepreneurs in a wide range of sectors. However, many obstacles could impede the development of these entrepreneurs. This study examines the factors affecting the development of small-medium enterprises in the Niger Republic. Factor analysis was conducted using primary data provided by entrepreneurs. The results of the study showed that the most important factors for the development of small and medium enterprises in the Niger Republic was the "internal structure of the enterprise", followed by the “characteristics of the entrepreneurs”, and finally the “external environment of the enterprise”. The study concludes with some recommendations for policymakers and educational institutions to promote small and medium enterprise productivity and stimulate entrepreneurial enthusiasm among the youth.Öğe Impact of Customer Value, Public Relations Perception and Brand Image on Customer Loyalty toward GSM Operators in Turkey(Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, 2023) Kılıç, Hilal; Abdoul-Azize, Hamidou Taffa; Türker, OnurThis study investigates the effect of customer value, public relations perception and brand image on customer loyalty towards GSM operators in Turkey. Primary data were collected through an online survey from 360 participants. Pearson correlation test and regression analysis were conducted to test the study hypotheses. The findings of the study showed the existence of a strong relationship between public relations and brand image, a moderate relationship between public relations and customer value, and brand image and customers value. Moreover, the findings showed that brand image is the most significant factor affecting customer loyalty, followed by customer value and public relations perception respectively.Öğe Social Protection as a Key Tool in Crisis Management: Learnt Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic(SPRINGER INT PUBL AG, GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM CH-6330, SWITZERLAND, 2021) Abdoul-Azize, Hamidou Taffa; El Gamil, RehabWorldwide, the social protection programs have become a key tool for policymakers. These programs are executed to achieve multiple objectives such as fighting poverty and hunger, and increasing the resilience of the poor and vulnerable groups towards various shocks. Recently, with the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries started to implement social protection programs to eliminate the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis and enhance community resilience. This study aims to explore the current implementation of social protection programs during the COVID-19 pandemic in the most affected countries as well as to provide learned lessons from countries that had not previously considered implementing social protection programs up until the COVID-19 crisis. This review was carried out by searching through WOS, Google Scholar, ILO, World Bank reports, and Aljazeera Television. The search was conducted over literature and systematic reviews on the implementation of social protection programs during previous pandemic crises and especially in the current COVID-19 pandemic. The findings revealed that social protection programs become a flexible and strategic tool to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the study highlighted a lack of comprehensive strategy amongst the countries in executing the social protection programs to respond to COVID-19. Finally, the study concluded with some learned lessons and implications for the practitioners and policymakers in managing future pandemics.
