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    GSTM1, GSTP1, p53 as some probable predictors of prognosis in primary and metastatic epithelial ovarian cancer
    (Prusa Medikal Yayıncılık Limited Şirketi, 2023) Özer, Gizem; Kaygın, Pınar; Dirican, Onur; Oğuztüzün, Serpil; Yılmaz Sarıaltın, Sezen; Şimşek, Gülçin Güler; Erdem, Ayşegül; Kılıç, Murat; Çoban, Tülay
    Objectives: Ovarian carcinomas are responsible for the death of more women than all other gynecologic malignancies in the Western world. Ovarian carcinomas are detected in an advanced stage of the disease in approximately 80% of the patients. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are an important family involved in the detoxification of several xenobiotics. Thus, this mechanism protects tissues from the harmful effects of oxidative stress and chemical-induced damages. The expression of them may contribute to the characteristics of ovarian carcinoma as they can metabolise both exogenous and endogenous compounds, which are implicated in the development of ovarian cancer. Therefore, our aim was to determine the expressions of GST Mu 1 (GSTM1), GST Pi 1 (GSTP1), and also p53, which is a tumor suppressor gene, in benign and malign ovarian tumors and metastasis tissues. Methods: A total of the 99 patients with ovarian tumor enrolled in the study. Thirty-one of the tissues was benign tumor, 17 was malign tumor and 51 was metastasis. The immunohistochemical GSTM1, GSTP1, and p53 staining characteristics of these tissues were investigated. Results: The highest GSTM1, GSTP1, and p53 expression was noted in the malignant group followed by the metastasis group. GSTP1 expression was significantly higher in malignant tissues than benign ones (p = 0.015). No statistically significant difference was observed in the level of GSTM1 expression between groups (p = 0.524). p53 expression was significantly higher in the metastasis and malignant tissues than the benign ones (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The higher expressions of GSTP1 and p53 in malignant and metastasis tissues than benign ones indicate that these expressions could be important biomarkers in ovarian cancer development and progression. Further studies with more cases are required to confirm the results of our present study.
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    Immunohistochemical approach to obesity disease in terms of expression levels of glutathione s-transferase (sigma, zeta, theta) isozymes
    (Prusa Medikal Yayıncılık Limited Şirketi, 2023) Davudov, Mahammad; Buluş, Hakan; Dirican, Onur; Kaygın, Pınar; Şimşek, Gülçin Güler; Yılmaz Sarıaltın, Sezen; Gürbüz, Fatıma Nurdan; Oğuztüzün, Serpil
    Objectives: Obesity is a complex multifactorial disease with recently increasing prevalence and incidence. Several studies have been conducted to explain the ethiology, pathophysiology, epidemiology, molecular and genetic mechanisms, and effective treatments of obesity. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) S1, GSTZ1, and GSTT1 are essential enzymes for oxidative stress and metabolism-related disorders. For this purpose, we aimed to reveal the role of GSTS1, GSTZ1, and GSTT1 in obesity. Methods: The gastric tissue samples were taken from the patients diagnosed with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery in Ankara Keçiören Training and Research Hospital General Surgery Clinic between 2017 and 2019. Immunostaining was performed on paraffin-embedded tissues to evaluate GSTS1, GSTZ1, and GSTT1 expressions. Laboratory data of the patients were recorded. All the results were analyzed statistically. Results: Weak GSTS1 expression was observed in 38.1% of tissues and moderate in 6.3%. 37.3% of the tissues presented weak GSTZ1 expression, and 11 (8.7%) displayed moderate. There were weak GSTT1 expressions in 7.1% of the tissues and moderate 0.8% of them. A positive and statistically significant correlation was observed between GSTS1 and GSTT1 expression levels ((r) = 0.028, p = 0.010; p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between expression levels and gender, age, comorbidities, and medication usage (p > 0.05). Conclusions: GSTs, in particular GSTS1, GSTT1, and GSTZ1, might contribute to molecular mechanisms and the progression of obesity. In our study, GSTS1, GSTT1, and GSTZ1 were found to be moderately expressed in gastric tissues taken from obese patients. However, new studies using more samples and advanced techniques are needed to elucidate the relationship.